Solar Radiation Data Handbook Of Pharmaceutical Excipients
TYPES OF INCOMPATIBILITY: TYPES OF INCOMPATIBILITY 1.Physical Incompatibility: It involves in the physical form of formulation which involves color, Liquefaction, phase separation or immiscibility. 2.Chemical Incompatibility: It involves undesirable change in formulation which is due to formation of new chemical compound with undesirable activity or our formulation undergoes Hydrolysis, Oxidation, Reduction, Precipitation etc 3.Therapeutic Incompatibility: It is type of in vivo compatibility. It involves change in therapeutic response of the formulation which is undesirable to patient as well as physician.
G L Morrison
University Of New South Wales
Effect of Excipient on Hydrate formation in wet masses containing Theophylline: Effect of Excipient on Hydrate formation in wet masses containing Theophylline During wet granulation Theophylline Shows Pseudo polymorphic changes that may alter its dissolution rate. Diluents Used: α- Lactose monohydrate: Minimum water absorbing capacity. So not able to prevent but enhance Hydrate formation of Theophylline. Silicified MCC: Highly water absorbing capacity.
Free download handbook pharmaceutical excipients. Was determined for thirty pharmaceutical excipients. These data are to be included in. In radiation. The effect of excipients on the stability and phase transition rate of xylazine hydrochloride. Using copper radiation. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients.
Able to inhibit the formation of Theophylline monohydrate at low moisture content. DSC- DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY: DSC- DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY DSC is widely used to investigate and predict any physico-chemical interaction between drug and excipients involving thermal changes. METHODOLOGY: The preformulation screening of drug-excipient interaction requires (1: 1 ) Drug: excipient ratio, to maximize the like hood of observing an interaction. Note: Mixture should be examined under N 2 to eliminate oxidative and pyrrolytic effects at heating rate ( 2, 5 or 10 0 c / min) on DSC apparatus. DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS(DTA): DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS(DTA) Thermal Analysis is useful in the investigation of solid-state interactions.
Principle: Thermo grams are generated for pure components and their physical mixtures with other components. In the absence of any interaction, the thermo grams of mixtures show patterns corresponding to those of the individual components. In the event that interaction occurs, this is indicated in the thermo gram of a mixture by the appearance of one or more new peaks or the disappearance of one or more peaks corresponding to those of the components. DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY: DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY Principle: In this technique solid drug, excipient and their physical mixture are exposed to incident radiation. A portion of the incident radiation is partly absorbed and partly reflected in diffuse manner. Diffuse reflection depends on packing density of the solid, particle size, crystal form. Example: Ethanol mediated interaction between dextroamphatamine sulphate and spray dried lactose in solid–solid mixture: Discoloration of powdered mixture was accelerated by 2 amine and by storage at elevated temp.
Two new absorption maxima were observed at 340 nm & 295 nm respectively. PowerPoint Presentation: The material that have stronger affinity for Stationary phase will move at slower rate. The material is identified by its Rf value. The position of the material is identified by spraying the plate with certain reagent or exposing the plate to UV Radiation.
If there is no interaction between Drug and Excipient, the mixture will produce two spots. If any reactions are there, appearance of a new spot or a change in the Rf values of the components is indicative of an interaction. VAPOUR PRESSURE OSMOMETRY: VAPOUR PRESSURE OSMOMETRY Principle: ‘solutions of samples and pure solvent are introduced into a temperature-controlled enclosure, which is saturated with solvent vapor.
Since the vapor pressure of solution is lower than that of solvent, solvent vapor condenses on solution sample causing its temperature to rise. The temperature rise is predicted by Clausis –Clapcyron equation.’ Characteristics: Either liquid or solid sample and must be soluble in organic solvent or in water Sample must not undergo association in solution. Sample size is approx.
Handbook Of Pharmaceutical Excipients
3 gams for multiple analysis. Measures a no. Of about 10,000 Daltons. This method measures interactions, & records the interaction caused by variation of particle no. REFERENCES: REFERENCES Google Pharmaceutical analysis by Dr. Kasture& Wadodkar Pharmaceutical Dosage forms By Leon Lachman& Liberman Hand book of Pharmaceutical Excipients Remington’s Pharmaceutical Science,21st edition,2005. Modern Pharmaceutics by Banker & Rhodes,4th edition,2002.
Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy by Lachman & Lieberman. Ph.Exci., Vol-1, Jan-2000, 153. Ph.Exci., Nov-2002, 2283 Int. Ph.Exci.,jan-march,2003 J.
Sci.,Vol-97, Jan-2007,106 J. Sci., Vol-95, May-2006, 976.